CLASS 10TH - BEAUTY AND WELLNESS - SKIN CARE - UNIT 1 - SESSION 3

                             Skin Care

Basic Types of Skin

1. Normal Skin

-  Balanced moisture and sebum (oil).

-  Smooth texture, fine pores, and radiant glow.

-  Rarely shows blemishes or acne.

-  Requires regular cleansing and moisturizing to maintain.

2. Dry Skin

-  Lacks oil and moisture, often feels tight and flaky.

-  Pores are very small and almost invisible.

-  Prone to fine lines, wrinkles, and irritation.

-  Needs hydrating creams and gentle cleansing.

3. Oily Skin

-  Excess production of sebum, appears shiny and greasy.

-  Larger pores are common, leading to blackheads and acne.

-  Requires oil-control cleansers, toners, and non-comedogenic products.

4. Combination Skin

-  Features of both oily and dry skin.

-  Usually oily in the T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) and dry on the cheeks.

-  Requires balanced care with mild cleansers and dual treatments.

5. Other Skin Types

-  Sensitive Skin – easily reacts to products, prone to redness, itching, or burning

-  Premature/Mature Skin – shows early aging signs like wrinkles, sagging, and age spots.

Skin Analysis (Evaluation of Skin)

-  Helps identify the type and condition of the skin.

-  Carried out under proper light, using magnifying lamp or skin analyzer.

-  Includes checking skin’s elasticity, pore size, oil level, hydration, and sensitivity.

-  Essential for deciding suitable treatments and products.

Cleansing (Skin Care Routine)

-  Cleansing removes dirt, makeup, sweat, and excess oil.

-  It keeps pores unclogged and prevents acne or infections.

-  Benefits of Cleansing:

-  Refreshes the skin.

-  Maintains healthy complexion.

-  Enhances absorption of skincare products.

-  Prevents blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples.

Use of Toners and Fresheners

-  Toners remove leftover dirt and restore skin’s pH balance.

-  Fresheners calm the skin and close pores.

Benefits of Toner:

-  Reduces oiliness.

-  Tightens pores.

-  Improves blood circulation.

-  Makes skin firm and youthful.

Slowing Down Skin Aging

Regular care prevents wrinkles and premature aging.

Includes:

-  Proper cleansing and moisturizing.

-  Use of sunscreen.

-  Healthy diet and hydration.

-  Exercises to strengthen facial muscles.

Causes of Aging Signs:

-  Cell damage, skin injury, and wrinkles.

-  Dry skin and muscle shrinkage.

-  Weakening of bones leading to sagging.

Face Masks and Their Effects

Effects of Face Masks:

-  Deeply cleanse skin.

-  Improve circulation.

-  Provide hydration and nutrients.

-  Relax facial muscles.

Types of Face Masks:

1. Clay Mask – absorbs oil and detoxifies skin.

2. Peel-off Mask – removes dead cells and blackheads.

3. Cream Mask – nourishes and moisturizes dry skin.

4. Thermal Mask – increases circulation by warming the skin.

5. Warm Oil Mask – deeply hydrates and softens skin.

6. Natural Mask – uses fruits, honey, or herbs for natural glow.

Procedure of Applying Face Mask:

-  Clean the skin.

-  Apply mask evenly with brush or fingers.

-  Leave for recommended time.

-  Rinse with lukewarm water and pat dry.

Precautions While Applying Mask:

-  Avoid eyes and lips.

-  Do patch test for allergies.

-  Use according to skin type.

-  Do not leave mask for too long.

Blackheads and Whiteheads Removal

-  Blackheads: open clogged pores filled with oil and dirt.

-  Whiteheads: closed pores clogged with oil and dead cells.

-  Removal methods: steaming, exfoliation, and extraction tools.

Skin Warming

-  Skin warming is done before deep cleansing or facial.

-  Methods: steaming or warm compress.

Benefits of Skin Warming:

-  Opens pores.

-  Softens dirt and oil for easy removal.

-  Increases blood circulation.

Precautions in Skin Warming:

-  Avoid overheating.

-  Not suitable for sensitive or acne-prone skin.

-  Keep eyes covered during steaming.

Duties of a Skin Care Therapist

-  Properly analyze client’s skin.

-  Maintain hygiene and safety.

-  Choose suitable treatments.

-  Keep client’s record card.

-  Dispose of waste materials safely.

-  Ensure client comfort and satisfaction.

Questions and Answers

Q1. Name the four basic types of skin.

Answer: Normal skin, Dry skin, Oily skin, and Combination skin.

Q2. Define sensitive skin.

Answer: Sensitive skin is a type of skin that reacts easily to products or environmental conditions, showing redness, itching, or burning sensation.

Q3. What are the benefits of cleansing?

Answer: Cleansing refreshes the skin, removes dirt and oil, prevents acne, unclogs pores, and improves absorption of skincare products.

Q4. Mention two benefits of toner.

Answer: Toner tightens pores and restores skin’s natural pH balance.

Q5. List any three types of face masks.

Answer: Clay mask, Cream mask, and Peel-off mask.

Q6. What precautions should be taken while applying a face mask?

Answer: Avoid the eye and lip area, perform patch test before use, choose mask according to skin type, and do not leave it for too long.

Q7. What is the role of skin warming in skincare?

Answer: Skin warming opens pores, softens dirt and oil, increases blood circulation, and prepares the skin for further treatments.

Q8. Write two duties of a skin care therapist.

Answer: 1. Analyze the client’s skin and choose proper treatment.

2. Maintain hygiene and client safety during procedures.