CBSE CLASS 12 – POLITICAL SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS (ENGLISH MEDIUM)
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
(BASED ON REPEATED TRENDS OF LAST 10 YEARS)
1. What is meant by Cold War?
Answer:- Cold War was a situation of political and military tension between two power blocs without direct war.
2. What is Bipolarity?
Answer:- Bipolarity refers to a system where two superpowers dominate world politics.
3. Name any one permanent member of the UN Security Council.
Answer:- United States of America.
4. What is Globalisation?
Answer:- Globalisation is the process of increasing economic, political and cultural interconnectedness among countries.
5. What does NAM stand for?
Answer:- NAM stands for Non-Aligned Movement.
6. What is meant by Human Rights?
Answer:- Human Rights are basic and universal rights available to all human beings.
7. What is Coalition Government?
Answer:- A coalition government is formed by two or more political parties together.
8. What is Federalism?
Answer:- Federalism is a system of power sharing between the Centre and the States.
9. Mention any two features of the Cold War.
Answer:- 1. Ideological conflict
2. Arms race
10. State any two causes of the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Answer: 1. Economic stagnation
2. Rise of nationalism
11. Mention any two objectives of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Answer:- 1. Independent foreign policy
2. Promotion of world peace
12. Write any two impacts of globalisation on India.
Answer:- Increase in foreign investment
2. Growth of private sector
13. Give two reasons for tension between India and China.
Answer:- 1. Border disputes
2. 1962 war
14. Mention any two objectives of planned development in India.
Answer:- 1. Economic growth
2. Social justice
15. State any two effects of the Green Revolution.
Answer:- 1. Increase in food production
2. Regional imbalance
16. Mention any two challenges faced by Indian democracy.
Answer:- 1. Corruption
2. Poverty
17. Explain any four features of the Cold War.
Answer:- 1. Ideological rivalry
2. Military alliances
3. Nuclear arms race
4. Influence on Third World countries
18. Describe any four consequences of Shock Therapy.
Answer:- 1. Rise in unemployment
2. Increase in poverty
3. Economic inequality
4. Decline in living standards
19. Explain any four reasons why UN Security Council needs reform.
Answer:- 1. Outdated structure
2. Misuse of veto power
3. Poor representation of developing countries
4. Changed global power structure
20. Explain any four features of the European Union.
Answer:
- Strong economy
- Common currency
- Common foreign policy
- Democratic institutions
21. Describe any four objectives of ASEAN.
Answer:
- Regional peace
- Economic cooperation
- Trade promotion
- Cultural exchange
22. Explain any four principles of India’s foreign policy.
Answer:
- Non-alignment
- Panchsheel
- Peaceful coexistence
- Respect for sovereignty
23. Explain any four reasons for the dominance of the Congress party.
Answer:
- Role in freedom struggle
- Strong leadership
- Organised structure
- Weak opposition
24. Explain any four causes of the Emergency of 1975.
Answer:
- Political instability
- Mass protests
- Court judgement
- Law and order situation
25. Describe any four features of coalition politics in India.
Answer:
- Multi-party participation
- Power sharing
- Regional representation
- Political instability
26. Explain any four challenges to Indian democracy.
Answer:
- Casteism
- Communalism
- Corruption
- Criminalisation of politics
27. Explain the causes of the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Answer:
- Weak economy
- Centralised political system
- Lack of democracy
- Rise of nationalism
- Failure of reforms
- Public dissatisfaction
28. What was Shock Therapy? Explain its consequences.
Answer:
Shock Therapy was a rapid economic reform policy adopted in the former Soviet Union.
Its consequences included unemployment, poverty, inequality, privatisation, social unrest and fall in living standards.
29. Explain the relevance of the Non-Aligned Movement in the present world.
Answer:
- Strategic autonomy
- Peaceful diplomacy
- South-South cooperation
- Opposition to dominance
- Multilateralism
- Global balance
30. Why is the European Union considered an influential organisation?
Answer:
- Large economy
- Political unity
- Common currency
- Foreign policy role
- Democratic values
- Global influence
31. Explain the objectives of planned development in India.
Answer:
- Economic growth
- Poverty reduction
- Self-reliance
- Social justice
- Industrialisation
- Balanced development
32. Why was the Green Revolution necessary in India?
Answer:
- Food shortage
- Population growth
- Import dependence
- Low productivity
- Food security
- Rural development
33. Explain the impact of the Emergency of 1975.
Answer:
- Suspension of rights
- Press censorship
- Arrests of leaders
- Weakening of democracy
- Public resentment
- Political change
34. Explain the role of regional parties in Indian politics.
Answer:
- Raise regional issues
- Strengthen federalism
- Influence national policies
- Coalition governments
- Political diversity
- Democratic decentralisation
35. Why are Human Rights important in world politics?
Answer:
- Protect human dignity
- Ensure freedom
- Promote equality
- Prevent exploitation
- Global accountability
- International justice
36. Explain the importance of federalism in India.
Answer:- 1. Power sharing
2. Unity in diversity
3. Regional autonomy
4. Conflict management
5. Democratic governance
6. National integration
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